Input and Output Operations

Input and Output Operations

In C inputting some data is done by scanf and outputting or printing the data on console (output screen) is done by printf statement. These are standard library functions. The way to write these statements is,

scanf(format specifier,variables);

Note that the format specifier is %d since the val is an integer variable. Also the val variable is taken with the & symbol. The & (ampersand) means "address of". Any variable is referred by its address. It is exactly similar to the way you find your friend, either by his address or by his phone number. Thus any variable can be obtained by its address.

printf(format specifier,variables);

For example: printf("%d",val);

Note that here there is no need of & because we are printing the value of val variable. This value is already stored in some statement.

Even the printf can also be used to simply print the message on the console.