Solved Model Question Papers Set 1 [PART B]

PART B (16 x 5 = 80 MARKS)

11. Answer both sections (a) and (b) (Jan 2016)

(a) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions below it:

The latest buzz word in the continuting debate about the environment is "sustainable management" - that means using plants and animals for our benefit, but ensuring that enough are left alive to guarantee the survival of the species. This sounds good, but is it practical in reality? In spite of years of scientific research, no one really knows how much demage human beings are doing to their environment. We know that, they are responsible for many problems fanging from global warming to ozone depletion, and their is no doubt that they have a devastating effect on animal and plant life on earth. About 50,000 animal and plant species and becoming extinet every year. All species from this complex web of another for survival. If you remove one species from this complex web of inter relationship, we have little idea of the repercussions on the ecosystem in general. What makes things more complicated is the fact that unlike global warming - which, if the political will was there, could be reduced by cutting gas emissions-preserving bio diversity - remains a dirfficult dilemma. There are also questions about whether sustainable management is practical as far as protecting areas of great bio-diversity such as the world's tropical forest are concerned. In theory, the principle should be the same as with elephants; i.e., to cut a number of trees, but not so many as to completely destroy the forest.

Sustainable Management of trees requires controls on the number of trees which are cut down as well as investment replacing them. Most tropical forests exist in poor countries which depend on logging to make money. For most loggers in these countries, making money means-cutting down as many trees as possible in the shortest time. The price of trees remains stable, varying by 4-5% annualy, whereas the interest rates in most developing countries can create 15% or more in returns. It therefore makes little sense, and certainly no economic sense, to delay sustainably managed forests. In theory, consumers would buy only this wood and force logging companies to go "green" or else out of business. Unfortunately, unrestricted logging is more profitable than wood from sustainably managed forests which would cost unto 5 times more to control. Consumers

would not be prepared to pay the extra sum just to protect the environmemt. The sad fact is that there is no practical solution to protect vegetation and wildlife of tropical forests in the future. It is estimated that these forests contain anything form 50-90 percent of all animal and plant species of the earth. In one study of a 5 kilometer square area of rain forest in Peru, for example, scientists counted 1300 species of butterfly and 600 species of bird. In the entire USA only 400 species of butterfly and 700 species of bird have been recorded. Sustainable Management represents gigantic experiment. If this doesn't work, we can't move to another planet to escape.It is a case of one planet, one experiment!

Complete the following statement choosing from one of the given alternatives: (6 × 1 = 6) (Jan 2016)

(i) The extent of the damage being inflicted on our environment.....

1. Can be estimated by years of scientific research.

2. Is being calculated by scientific research.

3. Is impossible to assess despite years of scientific research.

4. Is, thanks to years of scientific research, on the decrease.

(ii) The term 'Sustainable Management" means using plants and animals for our own benefit. but....

1. Assuring none are left alive to guarantee the survival of the species.

2. Making sure that enough are left alive to guarantee survival of the species.

3. Is impossible to assess despite years of scientific research.

4. Is, thanks to years of scientific research, on the decrease.

(iii) If a particular species becomes extinct....

1. We know exactly what effect it will have one our ecosystem.

2. We have little knowledge about its effects on our ecosystem.

3. It has no relationship with other species in our ecosystem.

4. Its removal from the ecosystem will have no repercussions.

(iv) Preserving bio-diversity......

1. Is less complicated than reducing global warming.

2. Can be resolved politically, just like global warming.

3. Is not simply political dilemma to be resolved like global warming.

4. Can be resolved only by cutting gas emissions.

(v) Most of the tropical forests are located in .....

1. economically backward countries.

2. Developed countries.

3. Both in developed and developing countries.

4. Peru and the USA.

(vi) The meaning of the word "depletion"

1. Fatigue

2. Reduction

3. Deficiency

4. Emptinesss.

(i) The forests are disssappearing fast. Prepare a checklist of four steps that you would take to prevent deforestation. (Jan 2016)

Have I planted trees in my independent villa?

Did I become a volunteer of any association for environment?

Have I created awareness on environment especially deforestation?

Have I complained against illegal logging?

(ii) Look at the following information and graph about students proficiency in English as a foreign languages. Analyse the given data and give a short review in a short paragraph of not more than 120 words. (Jan 2016)

Students proficiency in foreign languages

English is the most sought after language.

Over the last few years Chinese government is making its people learn English.

Many countries learning English are developing countries.

The countries have their own language which is popular.

Percentage of students proficient in a foreign language

Ans:

The given bar chart is a pictorial representation of the percentage of students proficient in English as a foreign language. English is a universal medium of communication. In China, only in the recent years, men are becoming proficient in English because of its government taking steps. India holds the highest position in having more number of men becoming proficient in English. In Romania, 42% of males are becoming proficient in English. The third, fourth and fifth positions are occupied by Vietnam, Russia and Thailand. In these three countries, the percentage of men becoming proficient in English is 37%, 35% and30%. China has the least percentage of males becoming proficient in English. India holds the highest position in having more number of women learners of English. Romania and Vietnam hold the second and third position in having more number of women learners of English. Russia, China and Thailand hold the fourth, fifth and sixth position respectively as fast as the women learners becoming proficient in English. Many countries which learn English are developing countries. Since English is the lingua franca, it is mandatory to learn English to survive anywhere in this world.

12. (a) Read the following passage and answer the questions given below: (Jan 2016)

One of the main reasons of corruption in elections today is the lure of power which haunts the politicians so much that they feel no qualms of conscience in adopting any underhand method to come out successful. The Watergate Scandal in the U.S.A is an eloquent example to testify to the fact how even the top level politicians can stoop to the lowest level in order to maintain themselves in power. Who does not remember how Adolf Hitler rode roughshod overall canons of electoral pro-piety to capture power? In India also the record of the various political parties is not clean. Corruption thrives in elections because those in the field play on the psychology of the electorate. The voters are swayed by the tall promises of the candidates to whose machinations they fall an easy prey. They are also susceptible to fall an easy prey to the adulations of the politicians due to their illiteracy. Besides, in the representatives democracies today and particularly in big countries the constituencies are quite extensive obviating the possibilityof corrupt practices being discovered. Anti- corruption laws are honored more in their breach than in their observance. Even the code of conduct to be observed by the parties fighting the elections becomes a dead letter in as much as it is jettisoned out of existence and thrown unscrupulously over board by the unfair politicians whose only aim is to maintain themselves in the saddle.

(i) Write a short summary of the above given passage in not more than 100 words. (Jan 2016)

The politicians are crazy of power so they indulge in corruption. They do not give importance to conscience. The Watergate Scandal in the USA is an example. Adolf Hitler did not follow the rules of election to capture power. There are various political malpractices in India also. The voters are distracted by the tall promises given by the politicians. They are uneducated to understand the politicians' machinations. The politicians play with the psychology of the electorate. In big countries, the constituencies are extensive and there is a possibility of corruption. Anti-corruption laws and the code of conduct are not observed. The only aim of the politicians is to maintain their power.

(ii) Answer the following questions in not more than 3 sentences (5 × 2 = 10)

1. Why according to the writer do the voters fall an easy prey to the machinations of the politicians?

The voters fall an easy prey to the machinations of the politicians because they are uneducated. They are swayed by the tall promises given by the politicians.

2. Why according to the writer, are the corrupt practices indugled in elections go unnoticed?

The corrupt practices indulged in elections go unnoticed because the constituencies are extensive in big countries and there is little possibility of corrupt practices being discovered.

3. What happens to anti-corruption laws?

Hoi Anti-corruption laws are honoured more in their breach than in their observance.

4. What happens to the code of conduct?

The code of conduct to be observed by the parties fighting the elections becomes a dead letter in as much as it is jettisoned out of existence and thrown unscrupulously over board by the unfair politicians.

5. How does corruption thrive in elections?

Corruption thrives in elections because those in the field play on the psychology of the electorate.

(Or)

12. (b) Read the following passage and answer the questions given below: (Jan 2016)

What is immediately needed today is the establishment of a World Government or an International Federation of Mankind. It is the utmost necessity of the world today, an all those persons who wish to see all human beings happy and prosperous naturally feel it keenly. Of course, at times, we all feel that many of our problems of our political, social and cultural life would come to an end if there were one Government all over the world. Travellers, businessmen, seekers of knowledge and teachers of righteousness know very well that great impediments and obstructions and faced by them when they pass from one country to another, exchange goods, get informations, and make an effort to spread their good gospel among their fellow-men. In the past religious sets divided one set of people against another, colour of the skin or construction of the body set one against the other. But today when philosophical light has exploded the darkness that was created by religious differences, and when scientific knowledge has falsified the theory of social superiority and when modern inventions have enabled human beings of all religious views and of all races and colours to come in frequent contact withone another, it is the governments of various countries that keep people of one country apart from those of another. They create artificial barriers, unnatural distinctions, unhealthy isolation, unnecessary fears and dangers inthe minds of the common men who by their nature want to live in friendship with their fellow-men. But all these evils would cease to exist if there were one Government all over the world.

(i) Write a short summary of the above given passage in not more than 100 words. (6 × 1 = 6) (Jan 2016)

What is needed immediately is a World Government or an International Federation of Mankind. Many of our social, political and cultural problems would come to an end if there were one World Government. Many people face problems when they cross boundaries. In the past, religions, colour and body features divided people. But today, the philosophical light has exploded the differences. The scientific knowledge has falsified superiority. Modern inventions have enabled the people to learn all religious views. The people come in contact with one another. The governments create artificial barriers and fears in the minds of people. But the common men want to live in friendship. All evils would stop if there were one World Government.

(ii) Answer the following questions in not more than 3 sentences. (5 × 2 = 10) (Jan 2016)

1. What is the urgent need of the world today?

The urgent need of the world today is the establishment of World Government or  International Federation of Mankind.

2. What was the factor that set one man against another?

The factor of different religious sets set one man against another in the past.

3. What will the world Government expected to do?

The World Government will be expected to bridge the gap between people and unite people.

4. What does the Government of various countries do to keep people of one country apart from those of another?

The Government of various countries create artificial barriers, unnatural distinctions, unhealthy isolation, unnecessary fears and dangers in the minds of common men to keep people of one country apart from those of another.

5. What divide/divides people of one country against another?

Politics, cultures and societal patters divide people of one country from those of another.