Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: k. Cement concrete
Concrete is used in buildings for Foundations, Floors, Bed concrete below column footings, wall footings, etc., Columns, Beams, Lintels, Slabs and also in Pre-cast constructions.
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: k. Cement concrete
Concrete has a high compressive strength. Its strength equals that of a hard material such as stone when properly prepared.
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: k. Cement concrete
Mixing of concrete is done thoroughly so as to produce homogeneity.
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: k. Cement concrete
Lime concrete made of limė, surkhi and water was used in earlier days of construction. Later, cement concrete and reinforced cement concrete came in this field.
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: l. Mortar
Mortar is mainly used as a binding material in brick or stone masonry.
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: l. Mortar
Mortar is a paste-like substance. It is prepared by adding required quantity of water to a mixture of binding material, namely, cement or lime and a fine aggregate sand in certain proportion.
Constituents, their Functions, Manufacture, Properties, Uses, Testing, Types
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: k. Cement
Literally, Cement means a Binding Material. Cement is available in various types, each having different chemical compositions and used for specific applications. The word Cement usually means the Ordinary Portland Cement used in civil engineering works.
Natural Sources, Classification, Characteristics, Functions, Tests
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: j. Sand
For building purposes, cement and lime are mixed with sand. Though the addition of sand weakens the mortar, yet it has the following advantage
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: i. Stones
Granite : It is obtained from igneous rocks. It is hard, durable and available in different colours. It is highly resistant to weathering and has good crushing strength. It can take mirror-like polish.
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: i. Stones
1. Hardness Test: Hardness of a stone is tested by a pen knife which should not produce a scratch on a hard stone. Hardness Number is determined using Mohr's scale of hardness.
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: i. Stones
Stone should be homogeneous and crystalline in structure. The finer the crystalline texture, the stronger is the stone. Surface of a freshly broken stone should be sharp, clean and bright.
Classification, Quarrying, Dressing
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: i. Stones
Rock is a mixture of two or more minerals, such as Quartz, Silica, Felspar, Mica, etc.