Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: h. Bricks
1. First class bricks are used for superior works, second class bricks for ordinary works, third class bricks for unimportant works and fourth class bricks for temporary works.
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: h. Bricks
The shape of bricks should be truly rectangular with sharp edges. Bricks should be of standard size (190 mm × 90 mm × 90 mm).
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: h. Bricks
A first class brick should be free from cracks or lumps. It should be of standard shape and size with sharp, straight and smooth edges.
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: h. Bricks
Removal of loose soil: The top layer of loose soil should be removed for a depth of 20 cm. It should not be used for preparation of bricks as it contains lot of impurities.
Composition, Properties, Qualities
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: h. Bricks
First man was using stone in the construction of huts and houses.In some places, where stone was not available, man thought of alternative material.
Properties of Building Construction Materials
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: g. Civil engineering materials
Civil Engineering Materials are also known as Building Construction Materials. These are obtained from Nature in their natural condition or after conversion by manufacturing processes.
Contour surveying
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: f. Contour surveying
All points in a contour line have the same elevation.
Civil Engineering
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: f. Contour surveying
Contour: A Contour or Contour Line is defined as an imaginary line joining the points having the same elevation on the surface of the Earth.
Determination of areas | Surveying
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: e. Determination of areas
This method is convenient to determine the area between a base line and a long irregular boundary. The area can be determined by the following Rules:
Surveying
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: e. Determination of areas
Aliter: Area of the ∆ AOB can also be determined by measuring the lengths OA and OB and the included angle AOB using a Theodolite.
Surveying
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: e. Determination of areas
One of the main purposes of land surveying is to determine the AREA of a tract (piece) of the land surveyed and also to determine the quantities of earthwork.
Levelling | Surveying
Subject and UNIT: Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: d. Levelling
METHOD 1 - HEIGHT OF COLLIMATION METHOD or HEIGHT OF INSTRUMENT METHOD, 2. METHOD 2: RISE AND FALL METHOD3. EXERCISES4. COMPARISON OF HEIGHT OF COLLIMATION METHOD WITH RISE AND FALL METHOD