Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: q. Modern materials
Geosynthetics
Types, Uses | Civil Engineering Materials
Geosynthetics last long even if they are buried under the soil. They are not affected by water. Hence, they are used for soil stabilization.
GEOSYNTHETICS
Geosynthetics
are synthetic materials having wide applications in geotechnical engineering.
They are fabrics made of nylon, PVC, polypropylene, etc. Geosynthetics last
long even if they are buried under the soil. They are not affected by water.
Hence, they are used for soil stabilization.
1. TYPES OF GEOSYNTHETICS
Geotextiles:
These are woven or non-woven synthetic fabrics. The fabric may have small
holes.
Geogrids:
These are made from punching holes in plain polymer sheets followed by two
stretching operations. Fig. 1 shows the texture of a typical geogrid.
Geomembranes:
They are continuous membranes composed of asphaltic or polymeric materials.
They are available with varying permeability. Low-permeability helps to control
fluid migration, while high permeability is suitable for drainage.
Geocomposities:
They
are produced with a combination of geotextiles, geogrids, geomembranes and
other materials. The above combination provides optimal performance for a
particular application.
2. USES OF GEOSYNTHETICS
The
major applications in the field of geosynthetics are the following:
•
Geotextiles are used as soil reinforcements to build steep embankments. This
saves a lot of space required for approaches to flyovers in cities.
•
Reinforced earth walls are more economical in comparison to RCC or masonry
retaining walls in forest and hilly areas.
•
Geogrid layers are used on weak soil as embankments, instead of replacing weak
soil with good soil.
•
Plastic geotextile drains are more effective than sand drains for consolidating
embankments. Geotextile acts as a separation media but allows water to pass
freely.
•
Geotextiles are used to provide subsurface drainage so that playing field turf
is protected (Fig. 2).
•
Geotextiles are used to control erosion in channels, ditches and slopes.
Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: q. Modern materials : Tag: : Types, Uses | Civil Engineering Materials - Geosynthetics
Basic Civil & Mechanical Engineering: UNIT II: q. Modern materials
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