Electric Circuit Analysis: Unit I: a. Introduction
Independent and dependent sources
Electric Circuit Analysis
The ideal sources discussed above are independent sources. They are also termed as uncontrolled sources. Their voltages and currents are not affected by other parts of the circuit. Their voltages and currents are fixed.
INDEPENDENT
AND DEPENDENT SOURCES:
The
ideal sources discussed above are independent sources. They are also termed as
uncontrolled sources. Their voltages and currents are not affected by other
parts of the circuit. Their voltages and currents are fixed.
Dependent
sources are also known as controlled sources. In case of dependent sources,
voltage and current are not fixed. In this case, voltage or current is
dependent on the voltage or current existing at some other location in the
circuit. Such sources are represented as shown below by a diamond shape.
Voltage source is marked with polarities and the current source is shown by an
arrow.
Controlled
sources are used in many models like transistors and vacuum tubes. There are
four types of controlled sources as mentioned below. This classification
depends on whether control variable is voltage or current and the source
controlled is a voltage source or current source. The four types are
(i)
Voltage-controlled voltage source (VCVS). Eg. Operational amplifier
(ii)
Voltage controlled current source (VCCS). Eg. Field effect transistor
(iii)
Current-controlled voltage source (CCVS).
(iv)
Current-controlled current source (CCCS). Eg. Common base transistor
The
above controlled sources are shown in the following figures.
The
factors μ, gm, α and rm are scalar constants. Hence these
controlled sources are linear, time - variant active elements. For these
controlled sources, either input voltage or input current is zero and they are
capable of delivering unlimited output power. So they exhibit infinite power
gain.
Controlled
source is unilateral. For example, observe the figure of VCVS. V1 controls
the output V2.But I2 has no influence on the input.
Electric Circuit Analysis: Unit I: a. Introduction : Tag: : Electric Circuit Analysis - Independent and dependent sources
Electric Circuit Analysis: Unit I: a. Introduction
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Electric Circuit Analysis
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